Brittania-connected Roman Emperors & Anti-Emperors

Brittania-connected Roman Emperors & Anti-Emperors 

Recognized emperors who campaigned in, visited, served in, were proclaimed in, or were given victory titles related to Britannia, as well as anti-emperors (preceded with a ‘u’) proclaimed in and/or followed by Britannia unrecognized by any established imperial authorities

Dictator Gaius Iulius Caesar, 49-44 BCE
(invaded Britannia as imperator of the Republic in 55 and 54 BCE)

Tiberius Claudius Caesar Augustus Germanicus, 41-54 CE
(ordered the conquest of Britannia in 43 and visited after the initial successes; given the victory title Britannicus in 44, but he never used it)

Tiberius Claudius Caesar Britannicus
(inherited the agnomen, or victory title, Britannicus from his father, Claudius; murdered by his step-brother Nero at age 13 

Aulus Vitellius Germanicus Imperator Augustus, 69 CE
(proclaimed at Colonia Claudia Ara Agrippinensium; supported by troops in Germania, Gallia, Britannia, and Rhaetia; accepted by the Senate)

Imperator Caesar Vespasianus Augustus, 69-79 CE
(legatus of Legio II Augusta in the invasion of 43 CE; propraetor of Britannia 78-85 

Imperator Caesar Traianus Hadrianus Augustus, 117-138
(visited Britannia, initiated building of the Wall named for him)

Imperator Caesar Titus Aelius Hadrianus Antoninus Augustus Pius Pontifex Maximus, 138-161
(ordered the campaign which reconquered the lost territory north of Hadrian’s Wall; the Antonine Wall is named for him)

uImperator Caesar Cornelius Priscianus Augustus, 145
(Legatus Augusti Pro Praetore Britanniae after Quintus Lollius Urbicus, Proconsul Hispaniae Citerioris Tarraconensis at the time of his rebellion)

Imperator Caesar Marcus Aurelius Commodus Antoninus Augustus (aka Lucius Aelius Aurelius Commodus), 177-192
(given the victory title Britannicus in 184)

uImperator Caesar Caerellius Priscus Augustus, 184
(ex-Propraetor Britanniae, proclaimed by troops rebelling against then propraetor Ulpius Marcellus, but he declined the honour)

Imperator Caesar Publius Helvius Pertinax Augustus, 192-193
(former tribune of Legio VI Victrix, then Propraetor of Britannia)

Imperator Caesar Lucius Septimius Severus Pertinax Augustus, 193-211
(invaded, 208; given the victory title Britannicus Maximus, 209; died at Eboracum, 211)

Imperator Caesar Marcus Aurelius Antoninus Augustus (Caracalla), 198-217
(given the victory title Britannicus Maximus in 209)

uImperator Caesar Decimus Clodius Septimius Albinus Augustus, 196-197
(Propraetor Britannia; attempted usurpation in self-defense against Septimus Severus; supported in Britannia and Gallia Lugdunensis)

uImperator Caesar Marcus Cassianius Latinius Postumus Pius Felix Augustus Germanicus Maximus, 260-269
(ruler of the Imperium Galliarum, which included Britannia, Lugdunensis, Aquitania, Belgica, Germania, and Hispania)

uImperator Caesar Marcus Aurelius Marius Augustus, 269
(ruler of the Imperium Galliarum)

uImperator Caesar Marcus Piavonius Victorinus Augustus, 269-271
(ruler of the Imperium Galliarum)

uImperator Caesar Gaius Esuvius Tetricus Pius Felix Invictus Augustus Pontifex Maximus, 271-274
(ruler of the Imperium Galliarum)

Imperator Caesar Marcus Aurelius Carinus Augustus, 283-284
(given the title Britannicus Maximus in 284)

Imperator Caesar Marcus Aurelius Numerianus Augustus, 283-284
(given the victory title Britannicus Maximus in 284)

Imperator Caesar Gaius Aurelius Valerius Diocletianus, 284-305
(given the victory title Britannicus Maximus in 285 and in 297)

uImperator Caesar Marcus Aurelius Mausaeus Carausius Pius Felix Invictus Augustus, 286-293
(Praefectus Classis Britannica; ruler of the ‘Imperium Britannicum’; supported in Britannia, Lugdunensis I, and Belgica II)

uImperator Caesar Allectus Augustus, 293-296
(ruler of the Imperium Britannicum)

Imperator Caesar Marcus Aurelius Valerius Maximianus Augustus, 286-305
(given the victory title Britannicus Maximus in 297)

Imperator Caesar Gaius Galerius Valerius Maximianus Augustus, 305-311
(given the victory title Britannicus Maximus in 297 as Caesar of the west)

Imperator Caesar Marcus Flavius Constantius Augustus (Constantine Chlorus), 305-306
(campaigned north of Hadrian’s Wall beginning 305; received the victory title Britannicus Maximus 305; died at Eboracum 306)

Imperator Caesar Flavius Valerius Constantinus Augustus (Constantine the Great), 306-337
(‘tribune of the first order’ during father’s campaign; proclaimed at Eboracum 306; given the victory title Britannicus Maximus in 305 and 306)

Imperator Caesar Flavius Julius Constans Augustus, 337-350
(visited and possibly campaigned in Britannia, 343)

Imperator Caesar Flavius Magnus Magnentius Augustus, 350-353
(born in Gaul to a Brittone father and a Salian Franci mother; recognized by the Senate but not by Constantius Augustus in Constantinopolis; supported in Britannia, Gallia, Germania, Hispania, Italia, and Africa 

uImperator Caesar Flavius Carausius Augustus (‘Carausius II’), 354-358
(possible usurper in Britannia, based on six coins found in Richborough, the former Rutupiae, engraved with this name)

Imperator Flavius Gratianus Augustus, 375-383
(named for grandfather who served as Comes Britanniae under Imperator Caesar Flavius Iulius Constans Augustus)

Imperator Caesar Flavius Theodosius Augustus, 379-395
(junior officer under his father Comes Britanniae Theodosius during the Great Conspiracy in 368, along with Magnus Maximus; proclaimed emperor in the east by western emperor Gratian)

Imperator Caesar Flavius Magnus Maximus Augustus, 383-388
(junior officer under Comes Theodosius during the Great Conspiracy in 368, along with Flavius Theodosius; later became Comes Britanniae; proclaimed by his troops 383; supported in Britannia, Gallia, Germania, Hispania, and Africa)

uImperator Caesar Marcus Augustus, 406
(proclaimed and deposed by his troops in Britannia)

uImperator Caesar Gratianus Augustus, 406-407
(proclaimed and deposed by his troops in Britannia)

uImperator Caesar Flavius Claudius Constantinus Augustus, 407-411
(Comes Britanniae, proclaimed by his troops in Britannia; supported in Britannia and Gallia, though the Bagaudae controlled the countryside of three provinces in Gallia and of one in Septem Provinciae)

uImperator Caesar Iovinus Augustus, 411-413
(proclaimed by Constantinus-supporting nobles in Gallia along with the Burgundi and the Alani; recognized in most of Gallia, especially in the north, and likely, though not certainly, in Britannia)